Yellow fever is a disease caused by a virus that is transmitted through an intermediate mosquito. Generally present in areas of South America, Africa, and the Caribbean.
The mosquito that carries the virus inside the body then spreads to residents around the sufferers and tourists who are visiting the area to cause fever and serious disorders of the liver and kidneys. Viral infections that have propagated to the liver also interfere with the function of this organ, causing changes in skin color to turn yellow.
Causes of Yellow Fever.
The spread of yellow fever is caused by the bite of Aedes aegypti mosquito which initially bites the sufferer of this disease, generally human and monkey. This mosquito then transmits yellow fever among fellow humans or other monkeys, or from humans to monkeys, and vice versa. In addition to the Sahara deserts in Africa and the tropical regions of South America, or even clean human settlements, do not escape the breeding of these mosquitoes.
The virus that eventually settles in the salivary glands of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and then into the human bloodstream or other monkeys through the bite and cause pain in the new host it inhabits. Beware of dusk until dawn because at these times the spread of yellow fever virus most often occurs, when Aedes aegypti mosquitoes become very active.
Symptoms of Yellow Fever.
Yellow fever causes fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, and muscle pain in the sufferer. Generally, there are three stages of yellow fever virus infection with an early stage that tends to be indistinguishable from other viral infections, or it may be asymptomatic. Initial stages of infection can last for 3-4 days and usually begin 3-6 days from viral infection or since mosquito bites occur. Other symptoms that may arise are a loss of appetite, sensitive excessive to light, and redness of the eyes, tongue, and face. The second stage is the stage of remission, where the patient's condition appears to be improving. In general, the patient recovered at a stage that lasted approximately 2 days. Even so, it is advisable to stay alert because in about 15-25 percent of patients can enter the third phase of a riskier and can lead to death.
In the third phase, beware of the appearance of damage to the liver that can make the color of the eyes and skin to yellow. In addition, it can also appear fever accompanied by bleeding in the body, vomiting blood, liver inflammation or hepatitis, as well as multi-organ damage.
Diagnosis of Yellow Fever.
Symptoms of yellow fever are quite common and can be experienced also by some other diseases, such as malaria and dengue fever so that the diagnosis of yellow fever is obtained one of them based on the history of the journey conducted by the patient. After that the doctor will perform a blood test to determine the presence of virus types contained in the body. See your doctor as soon as you feel the symptoms of yellow fever mentioned above, especially after or are on a visit to countries that have cases of yellow fever.
Treatment of Yellow Fever.
There is no antiviral medication that can cure yellow fever. However, supportive handling is necessary to deal with symptoms. Common symptoms such as fever, headache, and muscle pain can be treated with painkillers, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen. However, other diseases caused by yellow fever complications, such as damage to organs triggering conditions of kidney failure would require appropriate follow-up treatment at the hospital.
Treatments that can be recommended for yellow fever may include oxygen, blood pressure, dialysis for people with renal failure, and plasma cell transfusions to increase blood clotting levels.
Prevention of Yellow Fever.
Yellow fever can be prevented by administering a vaccine before someone travels to an area potentially spreading yellow fever. The vaccine can be done at least ten days before departure time with the ideal time of vaccine is 3-4 weeks. Safe age to receive this vaccine is a patient with an age range between 9 months to 60 years to get rid of the risk of inflammation of the brain until death. Side effects can last for 5-10 days post vaccine. The side effects are perceived as common and mild, ie fever, headache, muscle pain, and fatigue and pain in the area of vaccination injection. In some rare cases, yellow fever vaccination can lead to allergic reactions, reactions to the nervous system, and even death so consultation with doctors is recommended before vaccinating.
How to Prevention of Yellow Fever: Diagnosis, Causes, Symptoms And Treatment
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